Excel function reference
Find syntax, argument notes, original examples and editable worksheets. Reference coverage and calculation checks are shown separately.
523 of 523 functions
| Function | Purpose | Category | Example checks | Save |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ABS | Returns the absolute value of a number | Math | 1 checked | |
| ACCRINT | Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest | Financial | 1 checked | |
| ACCRINTM | Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity | Financial | 1 checked | |
| ACOS | Returns the arccosine of a number | Math | 1 checked | |
| ACOSH | Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number | Math | 1 checked | |
| ACOT | Returns the arccotangent of a number | Math | 1 checked | |
| ACOTH | Returns the hyperbolic arccotangent of a number | Math | 1 checked | |
| ADDRESS | Returns a reference as text to a single cell in a worksheet | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| AGGREGATE | Returns an aggregate in a list or database | Math | 1 checked | |
| AMORDEGRC | Deprecated French declining-balance depreciation function for old workbooks | Financial | 6 checked | |
| AMORLINC | Returns the depreciation for each accounting period | Financial | 1 checked | |
| AND | Returns TRUE if all of its arguments are TRUE | Logical | 1 checked | |
| ARABIC | Converts a Roman numeral to an Arabic numeral. | Math | 1 checked | |
| AREAS | Returns the number of areas in a reference | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| ARRAYTOTEXT | Returns an array of text values from any specified range | Text | 1 checked | |
| ASC | Changes full-width (double-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to half-width (single-byte) characters | Text | 1 checked | |
| ASIN | Returns the arcsine, or inverse sine, of a number. The arcsine is the angle whose sine is number . The returned angle is given in radians in the range -pi/2 to pi/2. | Math | 1 checked | |
| ASINH | Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number. The inverse hyperbolic sine is the value whose hyperbolic sine is number , so ASINH(SINH(number)) equals number . | Math | 1 checked | |
| ATAN | Returns the arctangent of a number | Math | 1 checked | |
| ATAN2 | Returns the arctangent from x- and y-coordinates | Math | 1 checked | |
| ATANH | Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number. Number must be between -1 and 1 (excluding -1 and 1). The inverse hyperbolic tangent is the value whose hyperbolic tangent is number , so ATANH(TANH(number)) equals number . | Math | 1 checked | |
| AVEDEV | Returns the average of the absolute deviations of data points from their mean | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| AVERAGE | Returns the average of its arguments | Statistical | 2 checked | |
| AVERAGEA | Returns the average of its arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| AVERAGEIF | Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all the cells in a range that meet a given criteria | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| AVERAGEIFS | Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all cells that meet multiple criteria | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| BAHTTEXT | Converts a number to text, using the ß (baht) currency format | Text | 1 checked | |
| BASE | Converts a number into a text representation with the given radix (base). | Math | 1 checked | |
| BESSELI | Returns the modified Bessel function In(x) | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| BESSELJ | Returns the Bessel function Jn(x) | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| BESSELK | Returns the modified Bessel function Kn(x) | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| BESSELY | Returns the Bessel function Yn(x) | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| BETA.DIST | Returns the beta cumulative distribution function | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| BETA.INV | Returns the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a specified beta distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| BETADIST | Returns the cumulative beta probability density function. The beta distribution is commonly used to study variation in the percentage of something across samples, such as the fraction of the day people spend watching television. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| BETAINV | Returns the inverse of the cumulative beta probability density function for a specified beta distribution. That is, if probability = BETADIST(x,...), then BETAINV(probability,...) = x. The beta distribution can be used in project planning to model probable completion times given an expected completion time and variability. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| BIN2DEC | Converts a binary number to decimal | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| BIN2HEX | Converts a binary number to hexadecimal | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| BIN2OCT | Converts a binary number to octal. | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| BINOM.DIST | Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| BINOM.DIST.RANGE | Returns the probability of a trial result using a binomial distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| BINOM.INV | Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| BINOMDIST | Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability. Use BINOMDIST in problems with a fixed number of tests or trials, when the outcomes of any trial are only success or failure, when trials are independent, and when the probability of success is constant throughout the experiment. For example, BINOMDIST can calculate the probability that two of the next three babies born are male. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| BITAND | Returns a bitwise 'AND' of two numbers. | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| BITLSHIFT | Returns a value number shifted left by shift_amount bits | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| BITOR | Returns a bitwise OR of 2 numbers | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| BITRSHIFT | Returns a value number shifted right by shift_amount bits | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| BITXOR | Returns a bitwise 'Exclusive Or' of two numbers | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| BYCOL | Applies a LAMBDA to each column and returns an array of the results | Logical | 1 checked | |
| BYROW | Applies a LAMBDA to each row and returns an array of the results | Logical | 1 checked | |
| CALL | Calls a procedure in a dynamic link library or code resource | Text | Reference | |
| CEILING | Rounds a number to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance | Math | 1 checked | |
| CEILING.MATH | Rounds a number up, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance | Math | 1 checked | |
| CEILING.PRECISE | Rounds a number the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded up. | Math | 1 checked | |
| CELL | Returns information about the formatting, location, or contents of a cell | Information | 1 checked | |
| CHAR | Returns the character specified by the code number | Text | 1 checked | |
| CHIDIST | Returns the right-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution. The χ2 distribution is associated with a χ2 test. Use the χ2 test to compare observed and expected values. For example, a genetic experiment might hypothesize that the next generation of plants will exhibit a certain set of colors. By comparing the observed results with the expected ones, you can decide whether your original hypothesis is valid. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| CHIINV | Returns the inverse of the right-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution. If probability = CHIDIST(x,...), then CHIINV(probability,...) = x. Use this function to compare observed results with expected ones in order to decide whether your original hypothesis is valid. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| CHISQ.DIST | Returns the left-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution. | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| CHISQ.DIST.RT | Returns the right-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution. | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| CHISQ.INV | Returns the inverse of the left-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution. | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| CHISQ.INV.RT | Returns the inverse of the right-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution. | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| CHISQ.TEST | Returns the test for independence | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| CHITEST | Returns the test for independence. CHITEST returns the value from the chi-squared (χ2) distribution for the statistic and the appropriate degrees of freedom. You can use χ2 tests to determine whether hypothesized results are verified by an experiment. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| CHOOSE | Chooses a value from a list of values | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| CHOOSECOLS | Returns the specified columns from an array | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| CHOOSEROWS | Returns the specified rows from an array | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| CLEAN | Removes all nonprintable characters from text | Text | 1 checked | |
| CODE | Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string | Text | 1 checked | |
| COLUMN | Returns the column number of a reference | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| COLUMNS | Returns the number of columns in a reference | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| COMBIN | Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects | Math | 1 checked | |
| COMBINA | Returns the number of combinations with repetitions for a given number of items | Math | 1 checked | |
| COMPLEX | Converts real and imaginary coefficients into a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| CONCAT | Combines the text from multiple ranges and/or strings, but it doesn't provide the delimiter or IgnoreEmpty arguments | Text | 1 checked | |
| CONCATENATE | Joins several text items into one text item | Text | 1 checked | |
| CONFIDENCE | Returns the confidence interval for a population mean, using a normal distribution. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| CONFIDENCE.NORM | Returns the confidence interval for a population mean, using a normal distribution. | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| CONFIDENCE.T | Returns the confidence interval for a population mean, using a Student's t distribution | Statistical | 2 checked | |
| CONVERT | Converts a number from one measurement system to another | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| CORREL | Returns the correlation coefficient between two data sets | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| COS | Returns the cosine of a number | Math | 1 checked | |
| COSH | Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number | Math | 1 checked | |
| COT | Returns the cotangent of an angle | Math | 1 checked | |
| COTH | Returns the hyperbolic cotangent of a number | Math | 1 checked | |
| COUNT | Counts how many numbers are in the list of arguments | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| COUNTA | Counts how many values are in the list of arguments | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| COUNTBLANK | Counts the number of blank cells within a range | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| COUNTIF | Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given criteria | Statistical | 2 checked | |
| COUNTIFS | Counts the number of cells within a range that meet multiple criteria | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| COUPDAYBS | Returns the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period to the settlement date | Financial | 1 checked | |
| COUPDAYS | Returns the number of days in the coupon period that contains the settlement date | Financial | 1 checked | |
| COUPDAYSNC | Returns the number of days from the settlement date to the next coupon date | Financial | 1 checked | |
| COUPNCD | Returns the next coupon date after the settlement date | Financial | 1 checked | |
| COUPNUM | Returns the number of coupons payable between the settlement date and maturity date | Financial | 1 checked | |
| COUPPCD | Returns the previous coupon date before the settlement date | Financial | 1 checked | |
| COVAR | Returns covariance, the average of the products of deviations for each data point pair in two data sets. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| COVARIANCE.P | Returns population covariance | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| COVARIANCE.S | Returns the sample covariance | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| CRITBINOM | Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is greater than or equal to a criterion value. Use this function for quality assurance applications. For example, use CRITBINOM to determine the greatest number of defective parts that are allowed to come off an assembly line run without rejecting the entire lot. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| CSC | Returns the cosecant of an angle | Math | 1 checked | |
| CSCH | Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of an angle | Math | 1 checked | |
| CUBEKPIMEMBER | Returns a key performance indicator (KPI) property and displays the KPI name in the cell. A KPI is a quantifiable measurement, such as monthly gross profit or quarterly employee turnover, that is used to monitor an organization's performance. | Cube | Local cube practice | |
| CUBEMEMBER | Returns a member or tuple from the cube. Use to validate that the member or tuple exists in the cube. | Cube | Local cube practice | |
| CUBEMEMBERPROPERTY | The CUBEMEMBERPROPERTY function, one of the Cube functions in Excel, returns the value of a member property from a cube. Use it to validate that a member name exists within the cube, and to return the specified property for this member. | Cube | Local cube practice | |
| CUBERANKEDMEMBER | Returns the nth, or ranked, member in a set. Use to return one or more elements in a set, such as the top sales performer or the top 10 students. | Cube | Local cube practice | |
| CUBESET | Defines a calculated set of members or tuples by sending a set expression to the cube on the server, which creates the set, and then returns that set to Microsoft Excel. | Cube | Local cube practice | |
| CUBESETCOUNT | Returns the number of items in a set. | Cube | Local cube practice | |
| CUBEVALUE | Returns an aggregated value from the cube. | Cube | Local cube practice | |
| CUMIPMT | Returns the cumulative interest paid between two periods | Financial | 1 checked | |
| CUMPRINC | Returns the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods | Financial | 1 checked | |
| DATE | Returns the serial number of a particular date | Date | 1 checked | |
| DATEDIF | Calculates the number of days, months, or years between two dates. This function is useful in formulas where you need to calculate an age. | Date | 1 checked | |
| DATEVALUE | Converts a date in the form of text to a serial number | Date | 1 checked | |
| DAVERAGE | Averages the values in a field (column) of records in a list or database that match conditions you specify. | Database | 1 checked | |
| DAY | Converts a serial number to a day of the month | Date | 1 checked | |
| DAYS | Returns the number of days between two dates. | Date | 1 checked | |
| DAYS360 | Calculates the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day year | Date | 1 checked | |
| DB | Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the fixed-declining balance method | Financial | 3 checked | |
| DBCS | Changes half-width (single-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to full-width (double-byte) characters | Text | 1 checked | |
| DCOUNT | Counts the cells that contain numbers in a field (column) of records in a list or database that match conditions that you specify. | Database | 1 checked | |
| DCOUNTA | Counts the nonblank cells in a field (column) of records in a list or database that match conditions that you specify. | Database | 1 checked | |
| DDB | Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the double-declining balance method or some other method that you specify | Financial | 1 checked | |
| DEC2BIN | Converts a decimal number to binary | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| DEC2HEX | Converts a decimal number to hexadecimal | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| DEC2OCT | Converts a decimal number to octal | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| DECIMAL | Converts a text representation of a number in a given base into a decimal number | Math | 1 checked | |
| DEGREES | Converts radians to degrees | Math | 1 checked | |
| DELTA | Tests whether two values are equal | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| DETECTLANGUAGE | Identify the language of a text value. | Text | Reference | |
| DEVSQ | Returns the sum of squares of deviations | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| DGET | Extracts a single value from a column of a list or database that matches conditions that you specify. | Database | 1 checked | |
| DISC | Returns the discount rate for a security | Financial | 1 checked | |
| DMAX | Returns the largest number in a field (column) of records in a list or database that matches conditions you that specify. | Database | 1 checked | |
| DMIN | Returns the smallest number in a field (column) of records in a list or database that matches conditions that you specify. | Database | 1 checked | |
| DOLLAR | Converts a number to text using currency format | Text | 1 checked | |
| DOLLARDE | Converts a dollar price, expressed as a fraction, into a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number | Financial | 1 checked | |
| DOLLARFR | Converts a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number, into a dollar price, expressed as a fraction | Financial | 1 checked | |
| DPRODUCT | Multiplies the values in a field (column) of records in a list or database that match conditions that you specify. | Database | 1 checked | |
| DROP | Excludes a specified number of rows or columns from the start or end of an array | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| DSTDEV | Estimates the standard deviation of a population based on a sample by using the numbers in a field (column) of records in a list or database that match conditions that you specify. | Database | 1 checked | |
| DSTDEVP | Calculates the standard deviation of a population based on the entire population by using the numbers in a field (column) of records in a list or database that match conditions that you specify. | Database | 1 checked | |
| DSUM | In a list or database, DSUM provides the sum of the numbers in fields (columns) of records that match your specified conditions. | Database | 2 checked | |
| DURATION | Returns the annual duration of a security with periodic interest payments | Financial | 1 checked | |
| DVAR | Estimates the variance of a population based on a sample by using the numbers in a field (column) of records in a list or database that match conditions that you specify. | Database | 1 checked | |
| DVARP | Calculates the variance of a population based on the entire population by using the numbers in a field (column) of records in a list or database that match conditions that you specify. | Database | 1 checked | |
| EDATE | Returns the serial number of the date that is the indicated number of months before or after the start date | Date | 1 checked | |
| EFFECT | Returns the effective annual interest rate, given the nominal annual interest rate and the number of compounding periods per year. | Financial | 1 checked | |
| ENCODEURL | The ENCODEURL function returns a URL-encoded string, replacing certain non-alphanumeric characters with the percentage symbol (%) and a hexadecimal number. | Web | 1 checked | |
| EOMONTH | Returns the serial number of the last day of the month before or after a specified number of months | Date | 3 checked | |
| ERF | Returns the error function | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| ERF.PRECISE | Returns the error function | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| ERFC | Returns the complementary error function | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| ERFC.PRECISE | Returns the complementary ERF function integrated between x and infinity | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| ERROR.TYPE | Returns a number corresponding to an error type | Information | 2 checked | |
| EUROCONVERT | Convert historical euro-transition amounts with fixed rates and explicit rounding | Financial | 8 checked | |
| EVEN | Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer | Math | 1 checked | |
| EXACT | Checks to see if two text values are identical | Text | 1 checked | |
| EXP | Returns e raised to the power of a given number | Math | 1 checked | |
| EXPAND | Expands or pads an array to specified row and column dimensions | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| EXPON.DIST | Returns the exponential distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| EXPONDIST | Returns the exponential distribution. Use EXPONDIST to model the time between events, such as how long an automated bank teller takes to deliver cash. For example, you can use EXPONDIST to determine the probability that the process takes at most 1 minute. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| F.DIST | Returns the F probability distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| F.DIST.RT | Returns the (right-tailed) F probability distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| F.INV | Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| F.INV.RT | Returns the inverse of the (right-tailed) F probability distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| F.TEST | Returns the result of an F-test | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| FACT | Returns the factorial of a number | Math | 1 checked | |
| FACTDOUBLE | Returns the double factorial of a number | Math | 1 checked | |
| FALSE | Returns the logical value FALSE. | Logical | 1 checked | |
| FDIST | Returns the (right-tailed) F probability distribution (degree of diversity) for two data sets. You can use this function to determine whether two data sets have different degrees of diversity. For example, you can examine the test scores of men and women entering high school and determine if the variability in the females is different from that found in the males. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| FIELDVALUE | Read a named field from a linked data value. | Lookup | 21 checked | |
| FILTER | The FILTER function allows you to filter a range of data based on criteria you define. | Lookup | 2 checked | |
| FILTERXML | The FILTERXML function returns specific data from XML content by using the specified xpath. | Web | 13 checked | |
| FIND | Finds one text value within another (case-sensitive) | Text | 1 checked | |
| FINDB | Finds one text value within another (case-sensitive) | Text | 1 checked | |
| FINV | Returns the inverse of the (right-tailed) F probability distribution. If p = FDIST(x,...), then FINV(p,...) = x. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| FISHER | Returns the Fisher transformation | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| FISHERINV | Returns the inverse of the Fisher transformation | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| FIXED | Formats a number as text with a fixed number of decimals | Text | 1 checked | |
| FLOOR | Rounds a number down, toward zero | Math | 1 checked | |
| FLOOR.MATH | Rounds a number down, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance | Math | 1 checked | |
| FLOOR.PRECISE | Rounds a number down to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. | Math | 1 checked | |
| FORECAST | Returns a value along a linear trend | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| FORECAST.ETS | Returns a future value based on existing (historical) values by using the AAA version of the Exponential Smoothing (ETS) algorithm | Statistical | Native Excel examples | |
| FORECAST.ETS.CONFINT | Returns a confidence interval for the forecast value at the specified target date | Statistical | Native Excel examples | |
| FORECAST.ETS.SEASONALITY | Returns the length of the repetitive pattern Excel detects for the specified time series | Statistical | Native Excel examples | |
| FORECAST.ETS.STAT | Returns a statistical value as a result of time series forecasting | Statistical | Native Excel examples | |
| FORECAST.LINEAR | Returns a future value based on existing values | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| FORMULATEXT | Returns the formula at the given reference as text | Lookup | 2 checked | |
| FREQUENCY | Returns a frequency distribution as a vertical array | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| FTEST | Returns the result of an F-test. An F-test returns the two-tailed probability that the variances in array1 and array2 are not significantly different. Use this function to determine whether two samples have different variances. For example, given test scores from public and private schools, you can test whether these schools have different levels of test score diversity. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| FV | Returns the future value of an investment | Financial | 1 checked | |
| FVSCHEDULE | Returns the future value of an initial principal after applying a series of compound interest rates | Financial | 1 checked | |
| GAMMA | Returns the Gamma function value | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| GAMMA.DIST | Returns the gamma distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| GAMMA.INV | Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| GAMMADIST | Returns the gamma distribution. You can use this function to study variables that may have a skewed distribution. The gamma distribution is commonly used in queuing analysis. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| GAMMAINV | Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution. If p = GAMMADIST(x,...), then GAMMAINV(p,...) = x. You can use this function to study a variable whose distribution may be skewed. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| GAMMALN | Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x) | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| GAMMALN.PRECISE | Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x) | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| GAUSS | Returns 0.5 less than the standard normal cumulative distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| GCD | Returns the greatest common divisor | Math | 1 checked | |
| GEOMEAN | Returns the geometric mean | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| GESTEP | Tests whether a number is greater than a threshold value | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| GETPIVOTDATA | Returns data stored in a PivotTable report | Lookup | PivotTable practice | |
| GROUPBY | Summarize values by one or more grouping fields. | Lookup | 7 checked | |
| GROWTH | Returns values along an exponential trend | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| HARMEAN | Returns the harmonic mean | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| HEX2BIN | Converts a hexadecimal number to binary | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| HEX2DEC | Converts a hexadecimal number to decimal | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| HEX2OCT | Converts a hexadecimal number to octal | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| HLOOKUP | Searches for a value in the top row of a table or an array of values, and then returns a value in the same column from a row you specify in the table or array. Use HLOOKUP when your comparison values are located in a row across the top of a table of data, and you want to look down a specified number of rows. Use VLOOKUP when your comparison values are located in a column to the left of the data you want to find. | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| HOUR | Converts a serial number to an hour | Date | 1 checked | |
| HSTACK | Appends arrays horizontally and in sequence to return a larger array | Lookup | 2 checked | |
| HYPERLINK | Build a labelled link to a document or location. | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| HYPGEOM.DIST | Returns the hypergeometric distribution | Statistical | 3 checked | |
| HYPGEOMDIST | Returns the hypergeometric distribution. HYPGEOMDIST returns the probability of a given number of sample successes, given the sample size, population successes, and population size. Use HYPGEOMDIST for problems with a finite population, where each observation is either a success or a failure, and where each subset of a given size is chosen with equal likelihood. | Compatibility | 3 checked | |
| IF | Specifies a logical test to perform | Logical | 1 checked | |
| IFERROR | Returns a value you specify if a formula evaluates to an error; otherwise, returns the result of the formula | Logical | 2 checked | |
| IFNA | Returns the value you specify if the expression resolves to #N/A, otherwise returns the result of the expression | Logical | 1 checked | |
| IFS | Checks whether one or more conditions are met and returns a value that corresponds to the first TRUE condition. | Logical | 1 checked | |
| IMABS | Returns the absolute value (modulus) of a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMAGE | Display an HTTPS image in a cell. | Lookup | Picture practice | |
| IMAGINARY | Returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMARGUMENT | Returns the argument theta, an angle expressed in radians | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMCONJUGATE | Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMCOS | Returns the cosine of a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMCOSH | Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMCOT | Returns the cotangent of a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMCSC | Returns the cosecant of a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMCSCH | Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMDIV | Returns the quotient of two complex numbers in x + yi or x + yj text format. | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMEXP | Returns the exponential of a complex number in x + yi or x + yj text format. | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMLN | Returns the natural logarithm of a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMLOG10 | Returns the base-10 logarithm of a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMLOG2 | Returns the base-2 logarithm of a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMPORTCSV | Import tabular data from a CSV source in supported Excel builds. | Web | Attached-file practice | |
| IMPORTTEXT | Import a delimited text source in supported Excel builds. | Web | Attached-file practice | |
| IMPOWER | Returns a complex number raised to an integer power | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMPRODUCT | Returns the product of from 1 to 255 complex numbers | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMREAL | Returns the real coefficient of a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMSEC | Returns the secant of a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMSECH | Returns the hyperbolic secant of a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMSIN | Returns the sine of a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMSINH | Returns the hyperbolic sine of a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMSQRT | Returns the square root of a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMSUB | Returns the difference between two complex numbers | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMSUM | Returns the sum of complex numbers | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| IMTAN | Returns the tangent of a complex number | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| INDEX | The INDEX function returns a value or the reference to a value from within a table or range. | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| INDIRECT | Returns a reference indicated by a text value | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| INFO | Returns information about the current operating environment | Information | Reference | |
| INT | Rounds a number down to the nearest integer | Math | 1 checked | |
| INTERCEPT | Returns the intercept of the linear regression line | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| INTRATE | Returns the interest rate for a fully invested security. | Financial | 1 checked | |
| IPMT | Returns the interest payment for a given period for an investment based on periodic, constant payments and a constant interest rate. | Financial | 1 checked | |
| IRR | Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows | Financial | 1 checked | |
| ISBLANK | Returns TRUE if the value is blank | Information | 1 checked | |
| ISERR | Returns TRUE if the value is any error value except #N/A | Information | 1 checked | |
| ISERROR | Returns TRUE if the value is any error value | Information | 2 checked | |
| ISEVEN | Returns TRUE if number is even, or FALSE if number is odd. | Information | 1 checked | |
| ISFORMULA | Returns TRUE if there is a reference to a cell that contains a formula | Information | 2 checked | |
| ISLOGICAL | Returns TRUE if the value is a logical value | Information | 1 checked | |
| ISNA | Returns TRUE if the value is the #N/A error value | Information | 2 checked | |
| ISNONTEXT | Returns TRUE if the value is not text | Information | 1 checked | |
| ISNUMBER | Returns TRUE if the value is a number | Information | 1 checked | |
| ISO.CEILING | Returns a number that is rounded up to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance | Math | 1 checked | |
| ISODD | Returns TRUE if the number is odd | Information | 1 checked | |
| ISOMITTED | Check whether a LAMBDA argument was omitted. | Information | 9 checked | |
| ISOWEEKNUM | Returns the number of the ISO week number of the year for a given date | Date | 1 checked | |
| ISPMT | Calculates the interest paid during a specific period of an investment | Financial | 1 checked | |
| ISREF | Returns TRUE if the value is a reference | Information | 1 checked | |
| ISTEXT | Returns TRUE if the value is text | Information | 1 checked | |
| KURT | Returns the kurtosis of a data set | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| LAMBDA | Create custom, reusable functions and call them by a friendly name | Logical | 7 checked | |
| LARGE | Returns the k-th largest value in a data set | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| LCM | Returns the least common multiple | Math | 1 checked | |
| LEFT | Returns the leftmost characters from a text value | Text | 1 checked | |
| LEFTB | Returns the leftmost characters from a text value | Text | 1 checked | |
| LEN | Returns the number of characters in a text string | Text | 1 checked | |
| LENB | Returns the number of bytes used to represent the characters in a text string | Text | 1 checked | |
| LET | Assigns names to calculation results | Logical | 2 checked | |
| LINEST | Returns the parameters of a linear trend | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| LN | Returns the natural logarithm of a number | Math | 1 checked | |
| LOG | Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base | Math | 1 checked | |
| LOG10 | Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number | Math | 1 checked | |
| LOGEST | Returns the parameters of an exponential trend | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| LOGINV | Returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution function of x, where ln(x) is normally distributed with parameters mean and standard_dev. If p = LOGNORMDIST(x,...) then LOGINV(p,...) = x. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| LOGNORM.DIST | Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| LOGNORM.INV | Returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| LOGNORMDIST | Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution of x, where ln(x) is normally distributed with parameters mean and standard_dev. Use this function to analyze data that has been logarithmically transformed. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| LOOKUP | Looks up values in a vector or array | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| LOWER | Converts text to lowercase | Text | 1 checked | |
| MAKEARRAY | Returns a calculated array of a specified row and column size, by applying a LAMBDA | Logical | 1 checked | |
| MAP | Returns an array formed by mapping each value in the array(s) to a new value by applying a LAMBDA to create a new value. | Logical | 1 checked | |
| MATCH | Looks up values in a reference or array | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| MAX | Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| MAXA | Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| MAXIFS | Returns the maximum value among cells specified by a given set of conditions or criteria | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| MDETERM | Returns the matrix determinant of an array | Math | 1 checked | |
| MDURATION | Returns the Macauley modified duration for a security with an assumed par value of $100 | Financial | 1 checked | |
| MEDIAN | Returns the median of the given numbers | Statistical | 7 checked | |
| MID | Returns a specific number of characters from a text string starting at the position you specify | Text | 1 checked | |
| MIDB | Returns a specific number of characters from a text string starting at the position you specify | Text | 1 checked | |
| MIN | Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| MINA | Returns the smallest value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| MINIFS | Returns the minimum value among cells specified by a given set of conditions or criteria | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| MINUTE | Returns the minutes of a time value. The minute is given as an integer, ranging from 0 to 59. | Date | 1 checked | |
| MINVERSE | Returns the matrix inverse of an array | Math | 1 checked | |
| MIRR | Returns the internal rate of return where positive and negative cash flows are financed at different rates | Financial | 1 checked | |
| MMULT | Returns the matrix product of two arrays | Math | 1 checked | |
| MOD | Returns the remainder from division | Math | 1 checked | |
| MODE | Let's say you want to find out the most common number of bird species sighted in a sample of bird counts at a critical wetland over a 30-year time period, or you want to find out the most frequently occurring number of phone calls at a telephone support center during off-peak hours. To calculate the mode of a group of numbers, use the MODE function. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| MODE.MULT | Returns a vertical array of the most frequently occurring, or repetitive values in an array or range of data | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| MODE.SNGL | Returns the most common value in a data set | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| MONTH | Returns the month of a date represented by a serial number. The month is given as an integer, ranging from 1 (January) to 12 (December). | Date | 1 checked | |
| MROUND | Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple | Math | 1 checked | |
| MULTINOMIAL | Returns the multinomial of a set of numbers | Math | 1 checked | |
| MUNIT | Returns the unit matrix or the specified dimension | Math | 1 checked | |
| N | Returns a value converted to a number | Information | 1 checked | |
| NA | Returns the error value #N/A | Information | 1 checked | |
| NEGBINOM.DIST | Returns the negative binomial distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| NEGBINOMDIST | Returns the negative binomial distribution. NEGBINOMDIST returns the probability that there will be number_f failures before the number_s-th success, when the constant probability of a success is probability_s. This function is similar to the binomial distribution, except that the number of successes is fixed, and the number of trials is variable. Like the binomial, trials are assumed to be independent. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| NETWORKDAYS | Returns the number of whole working days between start_date and end_date. Working days exclude weekends and any dates identified in holidays. Use NETWORKDAYS to calculate employee benefits that accrue based on the number of days worked during a specific term. | Date | 1 checked | |
| NETWORKDAYS.INTL | Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates using parameters to indicate which and how many days are weekend days | Date | 3 checked | |
| NOMINAL | Returns the annual nominal interest rate | Financial | 1 checked | |
| NORM.DIST | Returns the normal cumulative distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| NORM.INV | Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| NORM.S.DIST | Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| NORM.S.INV | Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| NORMDIST | The NORMDIST function returns the normal distribution for the specified mean and standard deviation. This function has a wide range of applications in statistics, including hypothesis testing. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| NORMINV | Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution for the specified mean and standard deviation. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| NORMSDIST | Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution function. The distribution has a mean of 0 (zero) and a standard deviation of one. Use this function in place of a table of standard normal curve areas. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| NORMSINV | Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution. The distribution has a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| NOT | Reverses the logic of its argument. | Logical | 1 checked | |
| NOW | Returns the serial number of the current date and time. If the cell format was General before the function was entered, Excel changes the cell format so that it matches the date and time format of your regional settings. You can change the date and time format for the cell by using the commands in the Number group of the Home tab on the Ribbon. | Date | 1 checked | |
| NPER | Returns the number of periods for an investment | Financial | 1 checked | |
| NPV | Returns the net present value of an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows and a discount rate | Financial | 1 checked | |
| NUMBERVALUE | Converts text to number in a locale-independent manner | Text | 1 checked | |
| OCT2BIN | Converts an octal number to binary | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| OCT2DEC | Converts an octal number to decimal | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| OCT2HEX | Converts an octal number to hexadecimal | Engineering | 1 checked | |
| ODD | Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer | Math | 1 checked | |
| ODDFPRICE | Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd first period | Financial | 2 checked | |
| ODDFYIELD | Returns the yield of a security with an odd first period | Financial | 2 checked | |
| ODDLPRICE | Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd last period | Financial | 2 checked | |
| ODDLYIELD | Returns the yield of a security with an odd last period | Financial | 2 checked | |
| OFFSET | Returns a reference offset from a given reference | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| OR | Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE | Logical | 1 checked | |
| PDURATION | Returns the number of periods required by an investment to reach a specified value | Financial | 1 checked | |
| PEARSON | Returns the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| PERCENTILE | Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range. You can use this function to establish a threshold of acceptance. For example, you can decide to examine candidates who score above the 90th percentile. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| PERCENTILE.EXC | Returns the k-th percentile of values in a data set (Excludes 0 and 1). | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| PERCENTILE.INC | Returns the k-th percentile of values in a data set (Includes 0 and 1) | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| PERCENTOF | Measure a subset as a share of a complete set. | Math | 2 checked | |
| PERCENTRANK | The PERCENTRANK function returns the rank of a value in a dataset as a percentage of the dataset -- essentially, the relative standing of a value within the whole dataset. For example, you could use PERCENTRANK to determine the standing of an individual's test score among the field of all scores for the same test. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| PERCENTRANK.EXC | Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set (Excludes 0 and 1) | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| PERCENTRANK.INC | Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set (Includes 0 and 1) | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| PERMUT | Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| PERMUTATIONA | Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects (with repetitions) that can be selected from the total objects | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| PHI | Returns the value of the density function for a standard normal distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| PHONETIC | Extracts the phonetic (furigana) characters from a text string | Text | 15 checked | |
| PI | Returns the value of pi | Math | 1 checked | |
| PIVOTBY | Summarize values across row and column groups. | Lookup | 8 checked | |
| PMT | Returns the periodic payment for an annuity | Financial | 1 checked | |
| POISSON | Returns the Poisson distribution. A common application of the Poisson distribution is predicting the number of events over a specific time, such as the number of cars arriving at a toll plaza in 1 minute. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| POISSON.DIST | Returns the Poisson distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| POWER | Returns the result of a number raised to a power | Math | 1 checked | |
| PPMT | Returns the payment on the principal for an investment for a given period | Financial | 1 checked | |
| PRICE | Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays periodic interest | Financial | 1 checked | |
| PRICEDISC | Returns the price per $100 face value of a discounted security | Financial | 1 checked | |
| PRICEMAT | Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays interest at maturity | Financial | 1 checked | |
| PROB | Returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| PRODUCT | Multiplies its arguments | Math | 1 checked | |
| PROPER | Capitalizes the first letter in each word of a text value | Text | 1 checked | |
| PV | Returns the present value of an investment | Financial | 1 checked | |
| QUARTILE | Returns the quartile of a data set. Quartiles often are used in sales and survey data to divide populations into groups. For example, you can use QUARTILE to find the top 25 percent of incomes in a population. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| QUARTILE.EXC | Returns the quartile of a data set (Excludes 0 and 1) | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| QUARTILE.INC | Returns the quartile of a data set (Includes 0 and 1) | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| QUOTIENT | Returns the integer portion of a division | Math | 1 checked | |
| RADIANS | Converts degrees to radians | Math | 1 checked | |
| RAND | Returns a random number between 0 and 1 | Math | 1 checked | |
| RANDARRAY | Returns an array of random numbers between 0 and 1. | Math | 1 checked | |
| RANDBETWEEN | Returns a random number between the numbers you specify | Math | 1 checked | |
| RANK | Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers. The rank of a number is its size relative to other values in a list. (If you were to sort the list, the rank of the number would be its position.) | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| RANK.AVG | Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| RANK.EQ | Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| RATE | Returns the interest rate per period of an annuity | Financial | 1 checked | |
| RECEIVED | Returns the amount received at maturity for a fully invested security | Financial | 1 checked | |
| REDUCE | Reduces an array to an accumulated value by applying a LAMBDA to each value and returning the total value in the accumulator. | Logical | 1 checked | |
| REGEXEXTRACT | Extract text matched by a regular expression. | Text | 1 checked | |
| REGEXREPLACE | Replace text matched by a regular expression. | Text | 1 checked | |
| REGEXTEST | Test whether text contains a regular-expression match. | Text | 3 checked | |
| REGISTER.ID | Returns the register ID of the specified dynamic link library (DLL) or code resource that has been previously registered | Text | Reference | |
| REPLACE | Replaces characters within text | Text | 1 checked | |
| REPLACEB | Replaces characters within text | Text | 1 checked | |
| REPT | Repeats text a given number of times | Text | 1 checked | |
| RIGHT | Returns the rightmost characters from a text value | Text | 1 checked | |
| RIGHTB | Returns the rightmost characters from a text value | Text | 1 checked | |
| ROMAN | Converts an Arabic numeral to Roman, as text | Math | 1 checked | |
| ROUND | Rounds a number to a specified number of digits | Math | 1 checked | |
| ROUNDDOWN | Rounds a number down, toward zero | Math | 1 checked | |
| ROUNDUP | Rounds a number up, away from zero | Math | 1 checked | |
| ROW | Returns the row number of a reference | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| ROWS | Returns the number of rows in a reference | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| RRI | Returns an equivalent interest rate for the growth of an investment | Financial | 1 checked | |
| RSQ | Returns the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| RTD | Retrieves real-time data from a program that supports COM automation | Lookup | Reference | |
| SCAN | Scans an array by applying a LAMBDA to each value and returns an array that has each intermediate value. | Logical | 1 checked | |
| SEARCH | Finds one text value within another (not case-sensitive) | Text | 1 checked | |
| SEARCHB | Finds one text value within another (not case-sensitive) | Text | 1 checked | |
| SEC | Returns the secant of an angle | Math | 1 checked | |
| SECH | Returns the hyperbolic secant of an angle | Math | 1 checked | |
| SECOND | Returns the seconds of a time value. The second is given as an integer in the range 0 (zero) to 59. | Date | 1 checked | |
| SEQUENCE | Generates a list of sequential numbers in an array, such as 1, 2, 3, 4 | Math | 1 checked | |
| SERIESSUM | Returns the sum of a power series based on the formula | Math | 1 checked | |
| SHEET | Returns the sheet number of the referenced sheet | Information | 1 checked | |
| SHEETS | Counts sheets in a reference or in the containing workbook | Information | 1 checked | |
| SIGN | Returns the sign of a number | Math | 1 checked | |
| SIN | Returns the sine of the given angle | Math | 1 checked | |
| SINH | Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number | Math | 1 checked | |
| SKEW | Returns the skewness of a distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| SKEW.P | Returns the skewness of a distribution based on a population | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| SLN | Returns the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period | Financial | 1 checked | |
| SLOPE | Returns the slope of the linear regression line | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| SMALL | Returns the k-th smallest value in a data set | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| SORT | Sorts the contents of a range or array | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| SORTBY | Sorts the contents of a range or array based on the values in a corresponding range or array | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| SQRT | Returns a positive square root | Math | 1 checked | |
| SQRTPI | Returns the square root of (number * pi) | Math | 1 checked | |
| STANDARDIZE | Returns a normalized value | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| STDEV | Estimates standard deviation based on a sample. The standard deviation is a measure of how widely values are dispersed from the average value (the mean). | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| STDEV.P | Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| STDEV.S | Estimates standard deviation based on a sample | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| STDEVA | Estimates standard deviation based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| STDEVP | Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population given as arguments. The standard deviation is a measure of how widely values are dispersed from the average value (the mean). | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| STDEVPA | Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| STEYX | Returns the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in the regression | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| STOCKHISTORY | Retrieve a series of historical security prices in supported Excel. | Financial | Attached-history practice | |
| SUBSTITUTE | Substitutes new text for old text in a text string | Text | 1 checked | |
| SUBTOTAL | Returns a subtotal in a list or database | Math | 1 checked | |
| SUM | Adds its arguments | Math | 2 checked | |
| SUMIF | Adds the cells specified by a given criteria | Math | 1 checked | |
| SUMIFS | Adds all of its arguments that meet multiple criteria. | Math | 2 checked | |
| SUMPRODUCT | Returns the sum of the products of corresponding array components | Math | 1 checked | |
| SUMSQ | Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments | Math | 1 checked | |
| SUMX2MY2 | Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays | Math | 1 checked | |
| SUMX2PY2 | Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays | Math | 1 checked | |
| SUMXMY2 | Returns the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two arrays | Math | 1 checked | |
| SWITCH | Evaluates an expression against a list of values and returns the result corresponding to the first matching value. If there is no match, an optional default value may be returned. | Logical | 1 checked | |
| SYD | Returns the sum-of-years' digits depreciation of an asset for a specified period | Financial | 1 checked | |
| T | Converts its arguments to text | Text | 1 checked | |
| T.DIST | Returns the probability for the Student t-distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| T.DIST.2T | Returns the probability for the Student t-distribution (two-tailed) | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| T.DIST.RT | Returns the probability for the Student t-distribution (right-tailed) | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| T.INV | Returns the inverse of the probability for the Student t-distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| T.INV.2T | Returns the inverse of the probability for the Student t-distribution (two-tailed) | Statistical | 2 checked | |
| T.TEST | Returns the probability associated with a Student's t-test | Statistical | 3 checked | |
| TAKE | Returns a specified number of contiguous rows or columns from the start or end of an array | Lookup | 3 checked | |
| TAN | Returns the tangent of a number | Math | 1 checked | |
| TANH | Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number | Math | 1 checked | |
| TBILLEQ | Returns the bond-equivalent yield for a Treasury bill | Financial | 1 checked | |
| TBILLPRICE | Returns the price per $100 face value for a Treasury bill | Financial | 1 checked | |
| TBILLYIELD | Returns the yield for a Treasury bill | Financial | 1 checked | |
| TDIST | Returns the Percentage Points (probability) for the Student t-distribution where a numeric value (x) is a calculated value of t for which the Percentage Points are to be computed. The t-distribution is used in the hypothesis testing of small sample data sets. Use this function in place of a table of critical values for the t-distribution. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| TEXT | Formats a number and converts it to text | Text | 1 checked | |
| TEXTAFTER | Returns text that occurs after given character or string | Text | 1 checked | |
| TEXTBEFORE | Returns text that occurs before a given character or string | Text | 1 checked | |
| TEXTJOIN | Text: Combines the text from multiple ranges and/or strings | Text | 1 checked | |
| TEXTSPLIT | Splits text strings by using column and row delimiters | Text | 5 checked | |
| TIME | Returns the decimal number for a particular time. If the cell format was General before the function was entered, the result is formatted as a date. | Date | 1 checked | |
| TIMEVALUE | Converts a time in the form of text to a serial number | Date | 1 checked | |
| TINV | Returns the two-tailed inverse of the Student's t-distribution. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| TOCOL | Returns the array in a single column | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| TODAY | Returns the serial number of today's date | Date | 1 checked | |
| TOROW | Returns the array in a single row | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| TRANSLATE | Translate text using Excel’s connected language service. | Text | Reference | |
| TRANSPOSE | Returns the transpose of an array | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| TREND | Returns values along a linear trend | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| TRIM | Removes spaces from text | Text | 1 checked | |
| TRIMMEAN | Returns the mean of the interior of a data set | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| TRIMRANGE | Exclude blank outer rows or columns from a range. | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| TRUE | Returns the logical value TRUE. | Logical | 1 checked | |
| TRUNC | Truncates a number to an integer | Math | 1 checked | |
| TTEST | Returns the probability associated with a Student's t-Test. Use TTEST to determine whether two samples are likely to have come from the same two underlying populations that have the same mean. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| TYPE | Returns a number indicating the data type of a value | Information | 1 checked | |
| UNICHAR | Returns the Unicode character that is references by the given numeric value | Text | 1 checked | |
| UNICODE | Returns the number (code point) that corresponds to the first character of the text | Text | 1 checked | |
| UNIQUE | Returns a list of unique values in a list or range | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| UPPER | Converts text to uppercase | Text | 1 checked | |
| VALUE | Converts a text argument to a number | Text | 1 checked | |
| VALUETOTEXT | Returns text from any specified value | Text | 1 checked | |
| VAR | Estimates variance based on a sample. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| VAR.P | Calculates variance based on the entire population | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| VAR.S | Estimates variance based on a sample | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| VARA | Estimates variance based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| VARP | Calculates variance based on the entire population. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| VARPA | Calculates variance based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| VDB | Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified or partial period by using a declining balance method | Financial | 1 checked | |
| VLOOKUP | Looks in the first column of an array and moves across the row to return the value of a cell | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| VSTACK | Appends arrays vertically and in sequence to return a larger array | Lookup | 2 checked | |
| WEBSERVICE | The WEBSERVICE function returns data from a web service on the Internet or Intranet. | Web | Reference | |
| WEEKDAY | Converts a serial number to a day of the week | Date | 1 checked | |
| WEEKNUM | Converts a serial number to a number representing where the week falls numerically with a year | Date | 1 checked | |
| WEIBULL | Returns the Weibull distribution. Use this distribution in reliability analysis, such as calculating a device's mean time to failure. | Compatibility | 1 checked | |
| WEIBULL.DIST | Returns the Weibull distribution | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| WORKDAY | Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays | Date | 1 checked | |
| WORKDAY.INTL | Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays using parameters to indicate which and how many days are weekend days | Date | 3 checked | |
| WRAPCOLS | Wraps the provided row or column of values by columns after a specified number of elements | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| WRAPROWS | Wraps the provided row or column of values by rows after a specified number of elements | Lookup | 1 checked | |
| XIRR | Returns the internal rate of return for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic | Financial | 1 checked | |
| XLOOKUP | Searches a range or an array, and returns an item corresponding to the first match it finds. If a match doesn't exist, then XLOOKUP can return the closest (approximate) match. | Lookup | 3 checked | |
| XMATCH | Returns the relative position of an item in an array or range of cells. | Lookup | 5 checked | |
| XNPV | Returns the net present value for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic | Financial | 1 checked | |
| XOR | Returns TRUE if an odd number of arguments are TRUE | Logical | 1 checked | |
| YEAR | Converts a serial number to a year | Date | 1 checked | |
| YEARFRAC | Returns the year fraction representing the number of whole days between start_date and end_date | Date | 1 checked | |
| YIELD | Returns the yield on a security that pays periodic interest | Financial | 7 checked | |
| YIELDDISC | Returns the annual yield for a discounted security; for example, a Treasury bill | Financial | 1 checked | |
| YIELDMAT | Returns the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity | Financial | 1 checked | |
| Z.TEST | Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test | Statistical | 1 checked | |
| ZTEST | Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test. For a given hypothesized population mean, μ0, ZTEST returns the probability that the sample mean would be greater than the average of observations in the data set (array) — that is, the observed sample mean. | Compatibility | 1 checked |
Reference metadata adapted from Univer under Apache-2.0. Each page links to Microsoft documentation. A checked example does not certify every argument combination or native spreadsheet version. Live date/random examples use declared output properties, explained on their pages, rather than fixed numerical answers.